Myoelectric arm prostheses are types of prostheses controlled, in individuals with upper limb loss, by detecting the electrical signals produced by the remaining muscles; at the level of the hand unit, these systems are also discussed as myoelectric hand applications. These prostheses aim to provide functional support in daily life by converting the user's muscle contractions into movement commands. Fitting is planned in line with the authorized physician's assessment and medical report.
How They Work
In myoelectric prostheses, the electrical signals generated during contraction of the remaining arm or forearm muscles are detected by electrodes placed on the skin surface. The process generally consists of the following stages:
- Detection of the electrical signal arising from muscle movement
- Processing of the signal by a microprocessor and its conversion into a command
- Activation of the prosthesis motors and joints
- In some systems, informing the user by means of feedback sensors
Thanks to this structure, the user can direct the prosthesis with their own muscle movements.
Types and Functionality
Myoelectric arm prostheses may come in different configurations depending on the level of limb loss and the person's needs:
- Simpler systems that provide movement at a single joint
- Multi-joint systems offering movement at the elbow, wrist and finger joints, which are also among the types of bionic hand prostheses
- Control options that support different grip patterns
Which structure is suitable is determined through an individual assessment.
Points to Be Assessed
To determine appropriate electrode positions, a myoelectric assessment and EMG biofeedback process may be used. In selecting a prosthesis, the person's daily activities, remaining muscle structure, ease of use, socket fit and regular maintenance needs are taken into account. Rehabilitation and training in use play an important role in the adjustment process. All interventions are carried out in line with the specialist physician's prescription and medical report.
This content is for informational purposes only; you should consult your physician for diagnosis and treatment.
