Functional electrical stimulation (FES)
An overview of functional electrical stimulation as a supportive approach based on nerve and muscle stimulation.
What is functional electrical stimulation?
Functional electrical stimulation (FES) is an approach that aims to support the contraction of the relevant muscles at the right moment by sending low-level electrical stimuli to certain nerves. The aim is to help produce the desired muscle activity with appropriate timing during movement.
FES may be considered as part of a rehabilitation plan for people who have difficulty walking or using their hands due to neurological causes. Suitability, the method of application and its duration are determined only through a physician's assessment.
How does it work?
In healthy movement, the brain sends signals to the muscles through the nerves at the right moment. When nerve pathways are affected, this transmission may weaken and the timing of movement may be disrupted. FES aims to help the targeted muscle engage at the right moment in the movement cycle through stimuli delivered via electrodes placed on the skin.
- Electrodes placed on the skin stimulate the target muscle
- The stimulus is timed to the relevant phase of the step or movement
- Application settings are determined individually by the physician and therapist
In which situations may it be considered?
The headings below are for general information; suitability depends on an individual physician's assessment.
Walking difficulties
It may be considered as a supportive option in situations where the ankle and lower leg muscles are affected and there is difficulty lifting the foot during a step.
Neurological conditions
It may be part of a rehabilitation plan to support walking and movement after stroke or certain conditions originating in the brain or spinal cord.
Hand and arm function
Applications for the upper limb may be considered in situations where grasping and wrist movements are affected.
Contribution to rehabilitation
Together with exercise and therapy programs, it may be used to support repetitive practice of movement.
Considering orthoses and stimulation together
In some situations, FES may be considered as an alternative or complementary approach to orthoses that provide mechanical support. While mechanical orthoses support the joint in a certain position, electrical stimulation aims to engage the muscle's own activity at the right moment. Which approach is appropriate is planned according to activity level, muscle response and the physician's assessment.
- Mechanical orthosis: provides support by positioning the joint
- Electrical stimulation: contributes to the timing of muscle activity
- The choice is made individually based on the assessment
Use in daily life
The role of the application in daily life varies according to the person's condition and the physician's guidance.
Mobility support
It is intended to contribute to supporting movement during walking; results vary from person to person.
Together with therapy
It may be addressed as part of a regular practice process together with physiotherapy and exercise programs.
The application process
Physician's Assessment
The process begins with a specialist physician's assessment and a prescription/medical report; suitability is determined at this stage.
Trial and Adjustment
The stimulus level and timing are adjusted with a therapist according to the person's response.
Application and Training
The method of use is taught; information is provided for safe use in daily life.
Follow-up
Regular follow-up is provided for check-ups and adjustments when necessary.
Frequently asked questions
Is FES painful?
The stimulus level is adjusted individually. A tingling-like sensation may be described during the application; in case of discomfort, the settings are readjusted by the physician and therapist.
Is FES suitable for everyone?
Suitability is individual and is determined through a physician's assessment. In some situations the application may not be recommended; the decision is made based on the assessment.
Is it used instead of an orthosis?
Depending on the situation, it may be considered together with or instead of an orthosis. Which approach is appropriate depends on the physician's assessment.
This content is for informational purposes; please consult your physician for diagnosis and treatment. Applications are carried out at our licensed center locations in line with a specialist physician's prescription/medical report.
