Orthotic technology: how do orthoses work?
An overview of how orthoses work, their material structure, joint and motion control, and types of orthoses.
What is orthotic technology for?
An orthosis is an externally applied assistive device used to support or align a part of the body or to guide its movement. Orthotic technology aims to provide this support according to the person's needs by combining materials, mechanical structure and, in some cases, electronic components.
The type, stiffness and motion control of the orthosis are determined according to the affected area, the level of function and the physician's assessment. The sections below cover the working principles of orthoses in general terms.
Material and structure
Materials with different properties are used in orthoses. Materials such as carbon composite aim to combine lightness with durability, while thermoplastics are well suited to custom shaping. Soft padding and straps are designed for comfort and fit.
- A balance of lightness and durability
- Suitability for custom shaping
- Design aimed at comfort in areas in contact with the skin
Joint and motion control
Many orthoses guide movement by means of hinges aligned with the joint. These hinges can block movement completely, limit it to a certain angle or leave it free. The aim is to manage the load placed on the joint and help keep movement within a safe range.
Stance phase safety
Some orthoses are designed to provide extra support during the stance phase of gait, when the foot is on the ground. This approach aims to limit involuntary bending of the knee during the step and to support balance in activities such as going down stairs. In some systems this control is provided by mechanical components, in others by electronic components.
Components of orthotic technology
Which of these components an orthosis includes is determined according to the person's needs and the physician's assessment.
Load-bearing structure
The main body of the orthosis; the part that provides support and alignment, whose material is chosen according to need.
Joint and hinge
The mechanical components by which movement is guided or limited.
Stance and swing control
Mechanical or electronic arrangements for adjusting support during different phases of gait.
Electrical stimulation support
In some cases, functional electrical stimulation (FES) methods aimed at supporting muscle activity may be added to the treatment plan.
Examples of orthosis types
The examples below are for informational purposes. The suitable type of orthosis is determined according to the affected area and the physician's assessment.
Ankle-foot orthosis (AFO)
A type of orthosis intended to support ankle and foot control; it can be applied with different material and hinge options.
Functional knee orthosis
A type of orthosis intended to support the alignment and movement of the knee joint, with attention to comfort in daily activities.
Carbon composite foot orthosis
A type of orthosis that prioritizes lightness and durability and is designed to provide energy support during the step.
The orthotic fitting process
Physician's Assessment
The application begins with a specialist physician's assessment and prescription/medical report.
Measurement and Planning
The person's condition and level of function are assessed; the suitable type of orthosis and technology options are determined.
Fitting and Adaptation
The orthosis is fitted; hinge settings and fit are adjusted according to the individual.
Follow-up
Training in use is provided; follow-up is provided for check-ups and adjustments when necessary.
Frequently asked questions
How do orthoses work?
Orthoses support or align a part of the body or guide its movement by means of materials, mechanical structure and, in some cases, electronic components. How they work varies according to the type of orthosis.
Which orthotic technology is right for me?
Suitable orthosis and technology options are determined according to the affected area, the level of function and the physician's assessment. The decision is made by the physician and the clinical team.
What is the advantage of carbon material?
Carbon composite materials may be preferred for combining lightness with durability. The choice of material is planned according to the person's needs.
This content is for informational purposes; please consult your physician for diagnosis and treatment. Applications are carried out at our licensed center locations in line with a specialist physician's prescription/medical report.
