Flat feet are a common foot structure condition in children. The term means that the inner arch of the sole is underdeveloped and the sole has wider contact with the ground. Since the inner arch is not yet fully formed in babies and young children, a flat-footed appearance is mostly normal and may change over time with growth. In some children, however, this structure may be permanent.
Symptoms
Flat feet may present different findings depending on age and severity. Common symptoms are:
- Wide contact of the sole with the ground
- Inward tilting of the ankle (pronation)
- A feeling of tiredness or discomfort in the feet after long walks or running
- Difficulty with balance while walking or running
Most symptoms may be mild; in some children they are more pronounced.
Possible Causes
Several factors may play a role in the development of flat feet:
- Genetic and familial predisposition
- Flexibility of the foot muscles and connective tissue
- Increased load on the foot due to excess weight
- Wearing shoes that are not suited to the foot structure
- Congenital biomechanical or neurological conditions
Assessment and Approach
Flat feet are assessed by physical examination, footprint analysis and, when necessary, imaging methods requested by the specialist physician. The course to be followed is determined according to the child's age and the severity of the condition. In conditions affecting foot structure, such as congenital clubfoot (PEV), different orthotic approaches come into consideration.
In general, regular physical activity, choosing supportive shoes suited to the foot structure and maintaining a healthy weight are approaches that support foot health. Orthotic applications that support the sole are planned and applied in line with the specialist physician's prescription and medical report; these services are prepared individually within the scope of prosthetic and orthotic applications for children. Regular monitoring of the child's development is recommended.
This content is for informational purposes; you should consult your physician for diagnosis and treatment.
