What are positional head shape deformities?
In infants, the skull bones grow rapidly in the first months of life and are open to shaping during this period. Due to factors such as position in the womb, the birth process, or constant pressure on the same area during sleep, one area of the head may become flattened. The two most common conditions are:
- Plagiocephaly: Flattening of one part of the head or the head taking on an asymmetrical appearance.
- Brachycephaly: Symmetrical flattening of the back of the head, giving it a widened shape.
Such positional shape deformities are known and frequently encountered conditions in infants. Torticollis, which affects the neck muscles, is one of the conditions that may accompany head shape asymmetry. The assessment and treatment decision are made in line with the examination and guidance of the relevant specialist physician.
How does a cranial remolding orthosis work?
A cranial remolding orthosis is a non-invasive approach that aims to gently guide the infant's head growth; it is an example of orthotic applications in children for infants. The custom-made orthosis is designed to gradually support the development of the head:
- Contact areas apply a very light and almost imperceptible restriction to the areas targeted for correction.
- Growth areas leave space in the parts of the head that are intended to become fuller, allowing room for natural growth.
Over time, with the guidance provided by the orthosis, the head develops toward a more symmetrical shape. The application is planned so as not to interfere with the infant's play, sleep, feeding and daily activities.
Production process
Today, cranial orthoses are generally made using digital scanning and three-dimensional printing technologies. In this process, the infant's head measurements are taken with a quick, contact-free scan; then a thin and lightweight orthosis is produced specifically for each child. Custom-made production ensures that the orthosis sits correctly on the right areas; this approach is the general principle of prosthetic and orthotic applications for children. Some designs may include adjustable closure systems that maintain fit as the infant grows.
Use and care recommendations
Regular use is important for cranial orthoses to be effective. General recommendations are as follows:
- The orthosis is worn regularly throughout the day, both night and day, in line with the physician's recommendation; it can be removed for short periods such as bathing.
- If there is a health condition such as fever, the application should be reviewed and the physician consulted.
- The shell can be wiped with water and pH-neutral soap and dried with a soft cloth; the inner lining can usually be removed and hand-washed.
- If redness, irritation or pressure marks are noticed on the scalp, the specialist who fitted the orthosis should be contacted.
Treatment duration
In the cranial remolding approach, starting treatment early generally shortens the duration, because the orthosis provides more effective guidance during the period when head growth is fastest. In many infants, the application period may be limited to a few months. However, the length of the period varies according to each infant's condition and is determined only by the physician carrying out the assessment.
This content is for informational purposes only; for diagnosis and treatment, you should consult your physician.
